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Lab Automation & Research Tools · Recorded milestone

DNA microarray

Recorded year1995

Chips read thousands of genes' activity at once.

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Built on

Stored-program computerRecorded · 1948requires
Gel electrophoresisRecorded · 1955enables
Integrated circuitRecorded · 1958requires
LaserRecorded · 1960requires
MicroprocessorRecorded · 1971requires
DNA sequencingRecorded · 1977requires
PCRRecorded · 1983enables

Led to

Genome-wide association studiesRecorded · 2005enables
Mail-in genome testRecorded · 2007enables
Genomic selection of livestockRecorded · 2009enables
Robot scientist AdamRecorded · 2009enables
Epigenetic ageing clockRecorded · 2013enables
Trait-based embryo scoringRecorded · 2019enables

Sources & evidence

Additional source

Dataset updated 2026-10-18. This individual record has not been separately re-reviewed.