Biotech & Genetics · Projected milestone
Designed genomes for complex life
Estimated year~2060
12% by 2065 · including earlier years
The year is an editorial timing estimate. The percentage applies to occurrence by the stated deadline. These estimates are not calibrated odds.
Plant and animal genomes are written from scratch for chosen traits.
Explore this milestone on the interactive mapWhat the forecast means
Milestone stage: milestone (legacy definition)
Completion criteria: Legacy milestone: refine the observable threshold before resolving.
This page describes a forecast, rather than an achieved result. Read the methodology and assumptions.
Built on
Led to
- DNA repair upgradesForecast · ~2061enables
- Living batteriesForecast · ~2062enables
- Designed forest ecosystemsForecast · ~2065enables
- Engineered quantum biologyForecast · ~2065enables
- Living buildingsForecast · ~2065enables
- Designed organellesForecast · ~2068enables
- Forests wired by fungiForecast · ~2070enables
- Photosynthetic animalsForecast · ~2070enables
- Skin microbes that make your perfumeForecast · ~2072enables
- Staple crops designed from scratchForecast · ~2072enables
- Cities lit by living lightForecast · ~2075enables
- Designed ecosystemsForecast · ~2075enables
- Grown living housesForecast · ~2075enables
- Self-growing materialsForecast · ~2078enables
- Synthetic human chromosomeForecast · ~2078enables
- Farming without ploughingForecast · ~2079enables
- Engineered living reefsForecast · ~2080enables
- Designer enzymes for all reactionsForecast · ~2081enables
- Meats from no real animalForecast · ~2090enables
- Designer pet hatcheryForecast · ~2093enables
- Programmable cells as medicineForecast · ~2093enables
- Library of designable lifeForecast · ~2096enables
Sources & evidence
No individual source links are recorded for this milestone. Source coverage and review status vary across the atlas.
Dataset updated 2026-10-18. This individual record has not been separately re-reviewed.